ABSTRACT
Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome [PCOS] represent one of the common endocrine disorders which influence around 8% of reproductive women whom usually suffering from obesity and increase cardiovascular risk. Serum homocysteine levels are associated with bad impact on endothelial functions and considered as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease
Objective:The aim was to study the level of plasma homocysteine in obese and non-obese Iraqi patients with PCOS
Materials and Methods:This study was carried out on 207 women. Of theme, 101 women with PCOS and 106 PCOS- free women served as controls. Blood sample was taken from each participant on the 2[nd] day of menstruation morning after an overnight fasting. Serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone [FSH], luteinizing hormone [LH], free testosterone and androstenedione were measured. Moreover, total lipid profile and plasma homocysteine levels were measured in both groups
Results: Sixty percent of PCOS women were overweight or obese and 56% of them had a waist circumference >88cm. Moreover plasma homocysteine concentrations were found to be higher in patients with PCOS [11.5 +/- 5.41micro mol/L] as compared with control [8.10 +/- 1.89 micro mol/L] [p<0.002]. Furthermore the homocysteine concentrations were 13.19 +/- 5.97 micro mol/L and 9.38 +/- 2.99 micro mol/L in both obese and normal-weight PCOS women respectively which was significantly higher than obese [p<0.002] and normal-weight [p<0.004] control women
Conclusion:Increase in body weight is not an independent risk factor to increase plasma homocysteine levels in PCOS women
ABSTRACT
The instructions of the manufacturer showed that metronidazole infusion solution [5mg/mL] is incompatible with few drugs. This study aimed to determine the physical and chemical compatibilities of metronidazole infusion with commonly used intravenously administered physiological solutions. Metronidazole injection in a commercially available concentration of 5mg/mL was mixed with 0.9% sodium chloride, 5% glucose saline or Ringer's solution in the infused bottle or during simulated Y-site injection, metronidazole was examined physically by visual inspection and chemically by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer analysis. Adsorption of metronidazole to intravenous administration sets without inline filters was also studied. Furthermore, the compatibility of metronidazole with some drugs related to beta-lactams was studied. Physical incompatibility was determined by visual inspection against a black-and-white background, and chemical incompatibility was measured by a stability-indicating UV-visible spectrophotometer assay for metronidazole. The absorbance magnitude [O.D] recorded by UV-visible spectrophotometer showed differences in respect to the infused solutions as well as to the admixed physiological solutions. Moreover, metronidazole is incompatible with Co-amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, and cefepime. It is concluded that metronidazole infusion should be separately infused, not admixed with physiological solutions and avoided its combination with beta lactams